The Midpoint formula in coordinate geometry is this:

Consider two points in the XY-coordinate plane in the figure below:

The coordinates of one point, called A is (x1, y1) and of another point, called B is (x2, y2).

Let us join the two points AB with a straight line.

Let point C be the mid-point of the line segment AB, i.e. C is the point on the line segment AB that is exactly half-way from both the points A and B. In other words, it is equidistant from the two points A and B.

Then, the formula for finding the coordinates of this midpoint point C of the line segment AB formed by joining the two points A and B is

This is called the midpoint formula.

Example 1:

The two points A (2, 4) and B (6, 8) are at the opposite ends of the diameter of a circle. Find the centre of the circle.

Solution:

The centre of a circle is the midpoint of the diameter of a circle.

Applying the above midpoint formula, the centre of the circle is

((2 + 6)/2, (4 + 8)/2)

which is, after simplifying, the point (4, 6)